Russian Federation Support of Racially and Ethnically Motivated Violent Extremists, 2021

This report is provided by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence and the Office of the Secretaryo f Defense in response to section 1237(a)o f the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (FY2 1 NDAA). It includes an unclassified summary of Russia’s support of foreign racially and ethnically motivated violent extremists (RMVE) and a classified annex.

This product was drafted by the National Intelligence Council. National Intelligence Officers for Transnational Threats, and Russia and Eurasia. Central Intelligence Agency and Federal Bureau of Investigation provided substantive contributions. The Russian Government probably tolerates some private Russian entities’ support to RMVEs, at least in part because it aligns with Kremlin efforts to aggravate societal fissures in the West. Russia sometimes uses and manipulates Russian ultranationalist groups at home. but does not welcome their influence and often subjects their leaders to harsh prison sentences. Some Russian private paramilitary groups are trying to recruit and train Western RVIVEs to expand their reach into the West, increase membership, and raise money. These groups’ training of RMVEs poses a potential threat to Western security by encouraging and enabling attacks on ethnic minorities and government facilities.

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